, 정복미2),†
, Bok-Mi Jung2),†
1)전남대학교 교육대학원 영양교육전공, 석사
2)전남대학교 식품영양과학부, 교수
1)Master Student, Major in Nutrition Education, Graduate School of Education, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
2)Professor, Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
© 2023 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition
This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Conflict of Interest
There are no financial or other issues that might lead to conflict of interest.
Funding
This research received no external funding.
Data Availability
The participants of this study did not give written consent for their data to be shared publicly, so due to the sensitive nature of the research supporting data is not available.
| Variable | Total (n = 452) |
Social media food content usage level1) |
P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n = 136) | Medium (n = 174) | High (n = 142) | ||||
| Gender | Man | 163 (36.1) | 73 (53.7) | 50 (28.7) | 40 (28.2) | < 0.001 |
| Woman | 289 (63.9) | 63 (46.3) | 124 (71.3) | 102 (71.8) | ||
| Age | 20s | 336 (74.3) | 86 (63.2) | 130 (74.7) | 120 (84.5) | < 0.001 |
| 30s | 116 (25.7) | 50 (36.8) | 44 (25.3) | 22 (15.5) | ||
| Occupation | Student | 275 (60.8) | 65 (47.8) | 110 (63.2) | 100 (70.4) | 0.005 |
| Office worker | 128 (28.3) | 52 (38.2) | 46 (26.4) | 30 (21.1) | ||
| Housewife | 20 (4.4) | 5 (3.7) | 9 (5.2) | 6 (4.2) | ||
| Unemployed | 29 (6.4) | 14 (10.3) | 9 (5.2) | 6 (4.2) | ||
| Number of household members (person) | 1 | 143 (31.6) | 39 (28.7) | 57 (32.8) | 47 (33.1) | 0.553 |
| 2-3 | 113 (25.0) | 40 (29.4) | 37 (21.3) | 36 (25.4) | ||
| ≥ 4 | 196 (43.4) | 57 (41.9) | 80 (46.0) | 59 (41.5) | ||
| Academic background | High school graduation | 116 (25.7) | 31 (22.8) | 52 (29.9) | 33 (23.2) | 0.266 |
| College graduation and above | 336 (74.3) | 105 (77.2) | 122 (70.1) | 109 (76.8) | ||
| Residential area | Seoul, Gyeonggi-do | 87 (19.2) | 33 (24.3) | 30 (17.2) | 24 (16.9) | 0.209 |
| Chungcheong-do | 8 (1.8) | 1 (0.7) | 6 (3.4) | 1 (0.7) | ||
| Jeolla-do | 289 (63.9) | 85 (62.5) | 113 (64.9) | 91 (64.1) | ||
| Gyeongsang-do | 42 (9.3) | 14 (10.3) | 14 (8.0) | 14 (9.9) | ||
| Gangwon-do | 7 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (1.7) | 4 (2.8) | ||
| Jeju-do | 19 (4.2) | 3 (2.2) | 8 (4.6) | 8 (5.6) | ||
| Body mess index | Underweight | 64 (14.2) | 13 (9.6) | 31 (17.8) | 20 (14.1) | 0.377 |
| Normal | 221 (48.9) | 68 (50.0) | 79 (45.4) | 74 (52.1) | ||
| Overweigh | 64 (14.2) | 24 (17.6) | 22 (12.6) | 18 (12.7) | ||
| Obesity | 103 (22.8) | 31 (22.8) | 42 (24.1) | 30 (21.1) | ||
| Variable | Total (n = 452) |
Social media food content usage level1) |
P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n = 136) | Medium (n = 174) | High (n = 142) | ||||
| Preferred social media | 365 (80.8) | 97 (71.3) | 149 (85.6) | 119 (83.8) | < 0.001 | |
| Cafe | 43 (9.5) | 26 (19.1) | 10 (5.7) | 7 (4.9) | ||
| 21 (4.6) | 4 (2.9) | 7 (4.0) | 10 (7.0) | |||
| 19 (4.2) | 8 (5.9) | 5 (2.9) | 6 (4.2) | |||
| Naver band | 3 (0.7) | 1 (0.7) | 2 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Kakao story | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Average daily social media usage time (hour) | < 1 | 179 (39.6) | 86 (63.2) | 59 (33.9) | 34 (23.9) | < 0.001 |
| 1-2 | 111 (24.6) | 24 (17.6) | 55 (31.6) | 32 (22.5) | ||
| > 2 | 162 (35.8) | 26 (19.1) | 60 (34.5) | 76 (53.5) | ||
| Social media main use media | Smartphone | 446 (98.7) | 134 (98.5) | 173 (99.4) | 139 (97.9) | 0.076 |
| Tablet PC | 4 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.6) | 3 (2.1) | ||
| PC | 2 (0.4) | 2 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Social media main purpose of use | Information acquisition and sharing | 198 (43.8) | 61 (44.9) | 77 (44.3) | 60 (42.3) | 0.002 |
| Leisure and hobbies | 173 (38.3) | 48 (35.3) | 61 (35.1) | 64 (45.1) | ||
| Personal relationship management | 43 (9.5) | 22 (16.2) | 17 (9.8) | 4 (2.8) | ||
| A space for self-expression | 38 (8.4) | 5 (3.7) | 19 (10.9) | 14 (9.9) | ||
| Item | Total (n = 452) |
Social media food content usage level1) |
F-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n = 136) | Medium (n = 174) | High (n = 142) | |||
| To relieve hunger | 2.01 ± 1.16 | 1.61 ± 1.00a | 2.02 ± 1.09b | 2.38 ± 1.25c | 16.497*** |
| For vicarious satisfaction with food you can’t eat | 2.49 ± 1.39 | 1.85 ± 1.20a | 2.59 ± 1.30b | 2.98 ± 1.46c | 25.911*** |
| To get help when deciding what to eat | 3.33 ± 1.27 | 2.78 ± 1.31a | 3.48 ± 1.18b | 3.68 ± 1.17b | 21.211*** |
| To get some information to cook | 3.30 ± 1.33 | 2.90 ± 1.46a | 3.39 ± 1.18b | 3.58 ± 1.30b | 10.253*** |
| To get information about good restaurants or famous cafes | 3.72 ± 1.21 | 3.23 ± 1.28a | 3.82 ± 1.12b | 4.08 ± 1.10b | 19.537*** |
| I can enjoy it without thinking | 3.15 ± 1.33 | 2.33 ± 1.32a | 3.25 ± 1.13b | 3.83 ± 1.12c | 56.169*** |
| It relieves my stress | 2.39 ± 1.26 | 1.89 ± 1.15a | 2.36 ± 1.13b | 2.92 ± 1.32c | 25.560*** |
Mean ± SD
***P < 0.001 by ANOVA
Means with different lowercase letters in the same row are significantly different by scheffe-test at P < 0.05.
Scores represent adherence as follows, 5: it really is, 4: yes, 3: average, 2: no, 1: not at all.
1)Low: average score <2 points, both for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content; Medium: average score between 2-3 points for frequency and viewing time; High: average score ≥3 points for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content.
| Item | Total (n = 452) |
Social media food content usage level1) |
F-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n = 136) | Medium (n = 174) | High (n = 142) | |||
| Food content helps my healthy eating habits | 2.13 ± 0.97 | 1.90 ± 0.97a | 2.22 ± 0.94b | 2.25 ± 0.98b | 5.535** |
| Food content gives me energy in my life | 2.79 ± 1.15 | 2.24 ± 1.12a | 2.76 ± 1.00b | 3.37 ± 1.09c | 39.161*** |
| It is not a waste of time to watch food content | 3.05 ± 1.05 | 2.50 ± 1.06a | 3.09 ± 0.89b | 3.53 ± 0.98c | 38.994*** |
| I want to use more food content | 2.81 ± 1.07 | 2.25 ± 1.05a | 2.87 ± 0.93b | 3.26 ± 1.01c | 36.527*** |
| Trust the information provided by the food content | 2.94 ± 0.95 | 2.63 ± 1.04a | 2.98 ± 0.84b | 3.18 ± 0.92b | 12.236*** |
Mean ± SD
**P < 0.01,
***P < 0.001 by ANOVA
Means with different lowercase letters in the same row are significantly different by scheffe-test at P < 0.05.
Scores represent adherence as follows, 5: it really is, 4: yes, 3: average, 2: no, 1: not at all.
1)Low: average score <2 points, both for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content; Medium: average score between 2-3 points for frequency and viewing time; High: average score ≥3 points for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content.
| Variable | Total (n = 452) |
Social media food content usage level1) |
P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n = 136) | Medium (n = 174) | High (n = 142) | ||||
| Experience of getting hungry after using food content | Yes | 369 (81.6) | 99 (72.8) | 147 (84.5) | 123 (86.6) | 0.006 |
| No | 83 (18.4) | 37 (27.2) | 27 (15.5) | 19 (13.4) | ||
| How often you experience food intake after feeling hungry | Never | 52 (14.1) | 20 (20.2) | 16 (10.9) | 16 (13.0) | < 0.001 |
| Sometimes | 264 (71.5) | 73 (73.7) | 116 (78.9) | 75 (61.0) | ||
| Often | 46 (12.5) | 6 (6.1) | 14 (9.5) | 26 (21.1) | ||
| Always | 7 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.7) | 6 (4.9) | ||
| Types of food consumed after using food content | Korean food | 53 (16.7) | 16 (20.3) | 17 (13.0) | 20 (18.7) | 0.319 |
| Western food | 44 (13.9) | 10 (12.7) | 21 (16.0) | 13 (12.1) | ||
| Japanese food | 19 (6.0) | 4 (5.1) | 8 (6.1) | 7 (6.5) | ||
| Flour based food | 62 (19.6) | 22 (27.8) | 25 (19.1) | 15 (14.0) | ||
| Vegetables and fruits | 2 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (0.9) | ||
| Beverages | 3 (0.9) | 2 (2.5) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Fast food | 93 (29.3) | 18 (22.8) | 44 (33.6) | 31 (29.0) | ||
| Snacks | 20 (6.3) | 3 (3.8) | 6 (4.6) | 11 (10.3) | ||
| Instant food | 21 (6.6) | 4 (5.1) | 8 (6.1) | 9 (8.4) | ||
| Health behavior | Total (n = 452) |
Social media food content usage level1) |
F-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n = 136) | Normal (n = 174) | High (n = 142) | |||
| How much do you usually try to eat healthy? | 3.22 ± 0.96 | 3.24 ± 0.95 | 3.13 ± 0.91 | 3.30 ± 1.01 | 1.282 |
| How many nutrition labels do you check when you eat out or buy processed food? | 2.48 ± 1.25 | 2.43 ± 1.35 | 2.47 ± 1.18 | 2.54 ± 1.25 | 0.271 |
| Do you wash your hands before eating? | 4.02 ± 0.90 | 3.90 ± 1.01a | 3.99 ± 0.85ab | 4.18 ± 0.84b | 3.393* |
| How often do you exercise to make yourself breathless for more than 30 minutes a day? | 2.03 ± 1.08 | 2.08 ± 1.07 | 1.98 ± 1.01 | 2.04 ± 1.18 | 0.326 |
| How healthy do you think you are? | 2.95 ± 0.94 | 2.95 ± 0.89 | 2.94 ± 0.96 | 2.98 ± 0.97 | 0.081 |
| How much alcohol do you usually drink? (Inverse grading) | 3.84 ± 0.96 | 3.82 ± 1.03 | 3.78 ± 0.93 | 3.93 ± 0.93 | 0.978 |
| Total | 3.09 ± 0.55 | 3.09 ± 0.55 | 3.05 ± 0.52 | 3.16 ± 0.54 | 1.820 |
Mean ± SD
*P < 0.05 by ANOVA
Means with different lowercase letters in the same row are significantly different by scheffe-test at P < 0.05.
Scores represent adherence as follows, 5: It's always like that, 4: It's like that, 3: average, 2: I tend not to do it, 1: I tend not to do it at all.
1)Low: average score <2 points, both for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content; Medium: average score between 2-3 points for frequency and viewing time; High: average score ≥3 points for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content.
| Eating habits | Total (n = 452) |
Social media food content usage level1) |
F-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n = 136) | Medium (n = 174) | High (n = 142) | |||
| Do you eat instant food often? | 3.37 ± 0.91 | 3.29 ± 0.89 | 3.38 ± 0.92 | 3.43 ± 0.93 | 0.871 |
| Do you eat fast food more than twice a week? | 2.93 ± 1.14 | 2.74 ± 1.14a | 3.06 ± 1.11b | 2.97 ± 1.16ab | 3.207* |
| Do you often eat meat products such as ham and sausage? | 3.05 ± 1.09 | 2.91 ± 1.06 | 3.05 ± 1.06 | 3.19 ± 1.14 | 2.292 |
| Do you eat ramen, bread, pizza, chicken, etc. instead of dinner? | 2.97 ± 1.10 | 2.76 ± 1.07a | 3.08 ± 1.10b | 3.04 ± 1.10b | 3.604* |
| Do you have breakfast more than five times a week? | 3.72 ± 1.48 | 3.49 ± 1.57 | 3.75 ± 1.40 | 3.89 ± 1.46 | 2.649 |
| Have you ever skipped meals due to eating snacks? | 2.87 ± 1.26 | 2.72 ± 1.23 | 3.04 ± 1.22 | 2.79 ± 1.30 | 2.873 |
| If there is a lot of lunch, will I skip dinner? | 2.77 ± 1.26 | 2.59 ± 1.24 | 2.83 ± 1.25 | 2.88 ± 1.30 | 2.172 |
| Do you skip meals if you are not hungry? | 3.00 ± 1.20 | 2.92 ± 1.27 | 3.02 ± 1.10 | 3.04 ± 1.25 | 0.426 |
| I keep eating even though I shouldn't eat | 2.90 ± 1.24 | 2.67 ± 1.21a | 2.90 ± 1.18ab | 3.13 ± 1.29b | 4.848** |
| Do you regret or feel depressed about eating food and eating a lot? | 2.70 ± 1.34 | 2.55 ± 1.35 | 2.68 ± 1.28 | 2.87 ± 1.38 | 1.971 |
| I tend to eat out (including delivery food) | 3.35 ± 1.15 | 3.18 ± 1.09 | 3.43 ± 1.15 | 3.44 ± 1.20 | 2.324 |
| Do you usually overeat? | 2.79 ± 1.11 | 2.63 ± 1.03 | 2.79 ± 1.08 | 2.94 ± 1.21 | 2.730 |
| Do you eat when you are anxious or nervous? | 2.07 ± 1.15 | 1.93 ± 1.05 | 2.05 ± 1.11 | 2.25 ± 1.27 | 2.789 |
| Do you eat when you feel inferior or dissatisfied? | 2.01 ± 1.19 | 1.85 ± 1.10 | 2.02 ± 1.11 | 2.15 ± 1.34 | 2.266 |
| Do you think you should eat delicious food when you are stressed? | 3.36 ± 1.40 | 2.84 ± 1.47a | 3.51 ± 1.27b | 3.67 ± 1.35b | 14.809*** |
| Do you eat when you feel depressed or unhappy? | 2.47 ± 1.35 | 2.13 ± 1.23a | 2.51 ± 1.32b | 2.76 ± 1.43b | 7.825*** |
| If the food is bland, do you add more salt or soy sauce? | 2.88 ± 1.19 | 2.76 ± 1.26 | 2.92 ± 1.12 | 2.96 ± 1.20 | 1.038 |
| Do you feel sad when you don't have salted seafood or pickles on the table? | 1.61 ± 0.87 | 1.54 ± 0.78 | 1.71 ± 0.97 | 1.54 ± 0.83 | 1.889 |
| Do you like salty recipes? | 3.09 ± 1.13 | 2.88 ± 1.17a | 3.17 ± 1.03b | 3.18 ± 1.18b | 3.231* |
| Do you like salty snacks? | 2.92 ± 1.22 | 2.76 ± 1.21 | 2.98 ± 1.18 | 3.01 ± 1.25 | 1.835 |
| Total | 2.84 ± 0.56 | 2.66 ± 0.54a | 2.89 ± 0.53b | 2.96 ± 0.57b | 11.678*** |
Mean ± SD
*P < 0.05,
**P < 0.01,
***P < 0.001 by ANOVA
Means with different lowercase letters in the same row are significantly different by scheffe-test at P < 0.05.
Scores represent adherence as follows, 5: it really is, 4: yes, 3: average, 2: no, 1: not at all.
1)Low: average score <2 points, both for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content; Medium: average score between 2-3 points for frequency and viewing time; High: average score ≥3 points for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content.
| Variable | Total (n = 452) | Social media food content usage level |
P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n = 136) | Medium (n = 174) | High (n = 142) | ||||
| Gender | Man | 163 (36.1) | 73 (53.7) | 50 (28.7) | 40 (28.2) | < 0.001 |
| Woman | 289 (63.9) | 63 (46.3) | 124 (71.3) | 102 (71.8) | ||
| Age | 20s | 336 (74.3) | 86 (63.2) | 130 (74.7) | 120 (84.5) | < 0.001 |
| 30s | 116 (25.7) | 50 (36.8) | 44 (25.3) | 22 (15.5) | ||
| Occupation | Student | 275 (60.8) | 65 (47.8) | 110 (63.2) | 100 (70.4) | 0.005 |
| Office worker | 128 (28.3) | 52 (38.2) | 46 (26.4) | 30 (21.1) | ||
| Housewife | 20 (4.4) | 5 (3.7) | 9 (5.2) | 6 (4.2) | ||
| Unemployed | 29 (6.4) | 14 (10.3) | 9 (5.2) | 6 (4.2) | ||
| Number of household members (person) | 1 | 143 (31.6) | 39 (28.7) | 57 (32.8) | 47 (33.1) | 0.553 |
| 2-3 | 113 (25.0) | 40 (29.4) | 37 (21.3) | 36 (25.4) | ||
| ≥ 4 | 196 (43.4) | 57 (41.9) | 80 (46.0) | 59 (41.5) | ||
| Academic background | High school graduation | 116 (25.7) | 31 (22.8) | 52 (29.9) | 33 (23.2) | 0.266 |
| College graduation and above | 336 (74.3) | 105 (77.2) | 122 (70.1) | 109 (76.8) | ||
| Residential area | Seoul, Gyeonggi-do | 87 (19.2) | 33 (24.3) | 30 (17.2) | 24 (16.9) | 0.209 |
| Chungcheong-do | 8 (1.8) | 1 (0.7) | 6 (3.4) | 1 (0.7) | ||
| Jeolla-do | 289 (63.9) | 85 (62.5) | 113 (64.9) | 91 (64.1) | ||
| Gyeongsang-do | 42 (9.3) | 14 (10.3) | 14 (8.0) | 14 (9.9) | ||
| Gangwon-do | 7 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (1.7) | 4 (2.8) | ||
| Jeju-do | 19 (4.2) | 3 (2.2) | 8 (4.6) | 8 (5.6) | ||
| Body mess index | Underweight | 64 (14.2) | 13 (9.6) | 31 (17.8) | 20 (14.1) | 0.377 |
| Normal | 221 (48.9) | 68 (50.0) | 79 (45.4) | 74 (52.1) | ||
| Overweigh | 64 (14.2) | 24 (17.6) | 22 (12.6) | 18 (12.7) | ||
| Obesity | 103 (22.8) | 31 (22.8) | 42 (24.1) | 30 (21.1) | ||
| Variable | Total (n = 452) | Social media food content usage level |
P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n = 136) | Medium (n = 174) | High (n = 142) | ||||
| Preferred social media | 365 (80.8) | 97 (71.3) | 149 (85.6) | 119 (83.8) | < 0.001 | |
| Cafe | 43 (9.5) | 26 (19.1) | 10 (5.7) | 7 (4.9) | ||
| 21 (4.6) | 4 (2.9) | 7 (4.0) | 10 (7.0) | |||
| 19 (4.2) | 8 (5.9) | 5 (2.9) | 6 (4.2) | |||
| Naver band | 3 (0.7) | 1 (0.7) | 2 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Kakao story | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Average daily social media usage time (hour) | < 1 | 179 (39.6) | 86 (63.2) | 59 (33.9) | 34 (23.9) | < 0.001 |
| 1-2 | 111 (24.6) | 24 (17.6) | 55 (31.6) | 32 (22.5) | ||
| > 2 | 162 (35.8) | 26 (19.1) | 60 (34.5) | 76 (53.5) | ||
| Social media main use media | Smartphone | 446 (98.7) | 134 (98.5) | 173 (99.4) | 139 (97.9) | 0.076 |
| Tablet PC | 4 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.6) | 3 (2.1) | ||
| PC | 2 (0.4) | 2 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Social media main purpose of use | Information acquisition and sharing | 198 (43.8) | 61 (44.9) | 77 (44.3) | 60 (42.3) | 0.002 |
| Leisure and hobbies | 173 (38.3) | 48 (35.3) | 61 (35.1) | 64 (45.1) | ||
| Personal relationship management | 43 (9.5) | 22 (16.2) | 17 (9.8) | 4 (2.8) | ||
| A space for self-expression | 38 (8.4) | 5 (3.7) | 19 (10.9) | 14 (9.9) | ||
| Item | Total (n = 452) | Social media food content usage level |
F-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n = 136) | Medium (n = 174) | High (n = 142) | |||
| To relieve hunger | 2.01 ± 1.16 | 1.61 ± 1.00a | 2.02 ± 1.09b | 2.38 ± 1.25c | 16.497 |
| For vicarious satisfaction with food you can’t eat | 2.49 ± 1.39 | 1.85 ± 1.20a | 2.59 ± 1.30b | 2.98 ± 1.46c | 25.911 |
| To get help when deciding what to eat | 3.33 ± 1.27 | 2.78 ± 1.31a | 3.48 ± 1.18b | 3.68 ± 1.17b | 21.211 |
| To get some information to cook | 3.30 ± 1.33 | 2.90 ± 1.46a | 3.39 ± 1.18b | 3.58 ± 1.30b | 10.253 |
| To get information about good restaurants or famous cafes | 3.72 ± 1.21 | 3.23 ± 1.28a | 3.82 ± 1.12b | 4.08 ± 1.10b | 19.537 |
| I can enjoy it without thinking | 3.15 ± 1.33 | 2.33 ± 1.32a | 3.25 ± 1.13b | 3.83 ± 1.12c | 56.169 |
| It relieves my stress | 2.39 ± 1.26 | 1.89 ± 1.15a | 2.36 ± 1.13b | 2.92 ± 1.32c | 25.560 |
| Item | Total (n = 452) | Social media food content usage level |
F-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n = 136) | Medium (n = 174) | High (n = 142) | |||
| Food content helps my healthy eating habits | 2.13 ± 0.97 | 1.90 ± 0.97a | 2.22 ± 0.94b | 2.25 ± 0.98b | 5.535 |
| Food content gives me energy in my life | 2.79 ± 1.15 | 2.24 ± 1.12a | 2.76 ± 1.00b | 3.37 ± 1.09c | 39.161 |
| It is not a waste of time to watch food content | 3.05 ± 1.05 | 2.50 ± 1.06a | 3.09 ± 0.89b | 3.53 ± 0.98c | 38.994 |
| I want to use more food content | 2.81 ± 1.07 | 2.25 ± 1.05a | 2.87 ± 0.93b | 3.26 ± 1.01c | 36.527 |
| Trust the information provided by the food content | 2.94 ± 0.95 | 2.63 ± 1.04a | 2.98 ± 0.84b | 3.18 ± 0.92b | 12.236 |
| Variable | Total (n = 452) | Social media food content usage level |
P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n = 136) | Medium (n = 174) | High (n = 142) | ||||
| Experience of getting hungry after using food content | Yes | 369 (81.6) | 99 (72.8) | 147 (84.5) | 123 (86.6) | 0.006 |
| No | 83 (18.4) | 37 (27.2) | 27 (15.5) | 19 (13.4) | ||
| How often you experience food intake after feeling hungry | Never | 52 (14.1) | 20 (20.2) | 16 (10.9) | 16 (13.0) | < 0.001 |
| Sometimes | 264 (71.5) | 73 (73.7) | 116 (78.9) | 75 (61.0) | ||
| Often | 46 (12.5) | 6 (6.1) | 14 (9.5) | 26 (21.1) | ||
| Always | 7 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.7) | 6 (4.9) | ||
| Types of food consumed after using food content | Korean food | 53 (16.7) | 16 (20.3) | 17 (13.0) | 20 (18.7) | 0.319 |
| Western food | 44 (13.9) | 10 (12.7) | 21 (16.0) | 13 (12.1) | ||
| Japanese food | 19 (6.0) | 4 (5.1) | 8 (6.1) | 7 (6.5) | ||
| Flour based food | 62 (19.6) | 22 (27.8) | 25 (19.1) | 15 (14.0) | ||
| Vegetables and fruits | 2 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (0.9) | ||
| Beverages | 3 (0.9) | 2 (2.5) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Fast food | 93 (29.3) | 18 (22.8) | 44 (33.6) | 31 (29.0) | ||
| Snacks | 20 (6.3) | 3 (3.8) | 6 (4.6) | 11 (10.3) | ||
| Instant food | 21 (6.6) | 4 (5.1) | 8 (6.1) | 9 (8.4) | ||
| Health behavior | Total (n = 452) | Social media food content usage level |
F-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n = 136) | Normal (n = 174) | High (n = 142) | |||
| How much do you usually try to eat healthy? | 3.22 ± 0.96 | 3.24 ± 0.95 | 3.13 ± 0.91 | 3.30 ± 1.01 | 1.282 |
| How many nutrition labels do you check when you eat out or buy processed food? | 2.48 ± 1.25 | 2.43 ± 1.35 | 2.47 ± 1.18 | 2.54 ± 1.25 | 0.271 |
| Do you wash your hands before eating? | 4.02 ± 0.90 | 3.90 ± 1.01a | 3.99 ± 0.85ab | 4.18 ± 0.84b | 3.393 |
| How often do you exercise to make yourself breathless for more than 30 minutes a day? | 2.03 ± 1.08 | 2.08 ± 1.07 | 1.98 ± 1.01 | 2.04 ± 1.18 | 0.326 |
| How healthy do you think you are? | 2.95 ± 0.94 | 2.95 ± 0.89 | 2.94 ± 0.96 | 2.98 ± 0.97 | 0.081 |
| How much alcohol do you usually drink? (Inverse grading) | 3.84 ± 0.96 | 3.82 ± 1.03 | 3.78 ± 0.93 | 3.93 ± 0.93 | 0.978 |
| Total | 3.09 ± 0.55 | 3.09 ± 0.55 | 3.05 ± 0.52 | 3.16 ± 0.54 | 1.820 |
| Eating habits | Total (n = 452) | Social media food content usage level |
F-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n = 136) | Medium (n = 174) | High (n = 142) | |||
| Do you eat instant food often? | 3.37 ± 0.91 | 3.29 ± 0.89 | 3.38 ± 0.92 | 3.43 ± 0.93 | 0.871 |
| Do you eat fast food more than twice a week? | 2.93 ± 1.14 | 2.74 ± 1.14a | 3.06 ± 1.11b | 2.97 ± 1.16ab | 3.207 |
| Do you often eat meat products such as ham and sausage? | 3.05 ± 1.09 | 2.91 ± 1.06 | 3.05 ± 1.06 | 3.19 ± 1.14 | 2.292 |
| Do you eat ramen, bread, pizza, chicken, etc. instead of dinner? | 2.97 ± 1.10 | 2.76 ± 1.07a | 3.08 ± 1.10b | 3.04 ± 1.10b | 3.604 |
| Do you have breakfast more than five times a week? | 3.72 ± 1.48 | 3.49 ± 1.57 | 3.75 ± 1.40 | 3.89 ± 1.46 | 2.649 |
| Have you ever skipped meals due to eating snacks? | 2.87 ± 1.26 | 2.72 ± 1.23 | 3.04 ± 1.22 | 2.79 ± 1.30 | 2.873 |
| If there is a lot of lunch, will I skip dinner? | 2.77 ± 1.26 | 2.59 ± 1.24 | 2.83 ± 1.25 | 2.88 ± 1.30 | 2.172 |
| Do you skip meals if you are not hungry? | 3.00 ± 1.20 | 2.92 ± 1.27 | 3.02 ± 1.10 | 3.04 ± 1.25 | 0.426 |
| I keep eating even though I shouldn't eat | 2.90 ± 1.24 | 2.67 ± 1.21a | 2.90 ± 1.18ab | 3.13 ± 1.29b | 4.848 |
| Do you regret or feel depressed about eating food and eating a lot? | 2.70 ± 1.34 | 2.55 ± 1.35 | 2.68 ± 1.28 | 2.87 ± 1.38 | 1.971 |
| I tend to eat out (including delivery food) | 3.35 ± 1.15 | 3.18 ± 1.09 | 3.43 ± 1.15 | 3.44 ± 1.20 | 2.324 |
| Do you usually overeat? | 2.79 ± 1.11 | 2.63 ± 1.03 | 2.79 ± 1.08 | 2.94 ± 1.21 | 2.730 |
| Do you eat when you are anxious or nervous? | 2.07 ± 1.15 | 1.93 ± 1.05 | 2.05 ± 1.11 | 2.25 ± 1.27 | 2.789 |
| Do you eat when you feel inferior or dissatisfied? | 2.01 ± 1.19 | 1.85 ± 1.10 | 2.02 ± 1.11 | 2.15 ± 1.34 | 2.266 |
| Do you think you should eat delicious food when you are stressed? | 3.36 ± 1.40 | 2.84 ± 1.47a | 3.51 ± 1.27b | 3.67 ± 1.35b | 14.809 |
| Do you eat when you feel depressed or unhappy? | 2.47 ± 1.35 | 2.13 ± 1.23a | 2.51 ± 1.32b | 2.76 ± 1.43b | 7.825 |
| If the food is bland, do you add more salt or soy sauce? | 2.88 ± 1.19 | 2.76 ± 1.26 | 2.92 ± 1.12 | 2.96 ± 1.20 | 1.038 |
| Do you feel sad when you don't have salted seafood or pickles on the table? | 1.61 ± 0.87 | 1.54 ± 0.78 | 1.71 ± 0.97 | 1.54 ± 0.83 | 1.889 |
| Do you like salty recipes? | 3.09 ± 1.13 | 2.88 ± 1.17a | 3.17 ± 1.03b | 3.18 ± 1.18b | 3.231 |
| Do you like salty snacks? | 2.92 ± 1.22 | 2.76 ± 1.21 | 2.98 ± 1.18 | 3.01 ± 1.25 | 1.835 |
| Total | 2.84 ± 0.56 | 2.66 ± 0.54a | 2.89 ± 0.53b | 2.96 ± 0.57b | 11.678 |
n (%) Low: average score <2 points, both for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content; Medium: average score between 2-3 points for frequency and viewing time; High: average score ≥3 points for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content.
n (%) Low: average score <2 points, both for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content; Medium: average score between 2-3 points for frequency and viewing time; High: average score ≥3 points for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content.
Mean ± SD Means with different lowercase letters in the same row are significantly different by scheffe-test at Scores represent adherence as follows, 5: it really is, 4: yes, 3: average, 2: no, 1: not at all. Low: average score <2 points, both for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content; Medium: average score between 2-3 points for frequency and viewing time; High: average score ≥3 points for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content.
Mean ± SD Means with different lowercase letters in the same row are significantly different by scheffe-test at Scores represent adherence as follows, 5: it really is, 4: yes, 3: average, 2: no, 1: not at all. Low: average score <2 points, both for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content; Medium: average score between 2-3 points for frequency and viewing time; High: average score ≥3 points for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content.
n (%) Low: average score <2 points, both for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content; Medium: average score between 2-3 points for frequency and viewing time; High: average score ≥3 points for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content.
Mean ± SD Means with different lowercase letters in the same row are significantly different by scheffe-test at Scores represent adherence as follows, 5: It's always like that, 4: It's like that, 3: average, 2: I tend not to do it, 1: I tend not to do it at all. Low: average score <2 points, both for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content; Medium: average score between 2-3 points for frequency and viewing time; High: average score ≥3 points for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content.
Mean ± SD Means with different lowercase letters in the same row are significantly different by scheffe-test at Scores represent adherence as follows, 5: it really is, 4: yes, 3: average, 2: no, 1: not at all. Low: average score <2 points, both for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content; Medium: average score between 2-3 points for frequency and viewing time; High: average score ≥3 points for frequency and viewing time of SNS food content.
