, 유현주2)
, 오지은3),†
, Hyun joo Ryou2)
, Jieun Oh3),†
1)이화여자대학교 일반대학원 식품영양학과 석박사통합과정생
2)사단법인 식생태문화협회 기획이사
3)이화여자대학교 신산업융합대학 교수
1)Integrated M.S./Ph.D. Student, Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Graduate School, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
2)Director, The Ecological Eating and Culture Association, Seoul, Korea
3)Professor, College of Science and Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
© 2025 The Korean Society of Community Nutrition
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CONFLICT OF INTEREST
There are no financial or other issues that might lead to conflict of interest.
FUNDING
None.
DATA AVAILABILITY
The participants in this study did not provide written consent for their data to be shared publicly; therefore, due to the sensitive nature of the research, supporting data are not available.
| Category | Interview themes | Example of interview questions |
|---|---|---|
| General information | - Gender | - What is your gender? |
| - Job | - What is your current job? | |
| - Work experience | - How many years of work experience do you have? | |
| Meal management | - Meal management methods | - What is the current system or method of meal provision? |
| - Meal characteristics | - What are the preferred foods of elderly? | |
| - Preferred foods and non-preferred foods | - What are the non-preferred foods of elderly? | |
| - Frequency of processed meal usage | - How often are processed meals provided? | |
| Nutrition management | - Operational status | - How is nutrition management typically conducted? |
| - Improvement points | - What are the key areas for improvement in nutrition management? | |
| Nutrition and hygiene education | - Overall education | - What education method are currently conducting? |
| - Education reflecting the characteristics of each target group | - What are education needs? | |
| - What are the difficulties in education? |
| Group | Participant ID | Gender | Job | Work experience |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children’s and social welfare meal management support center | C1 | F | Team leader (dietitian) | 11 years 10 months |
| C2 | F | Team leader (dietitian) | 7 years 3 months | |
| C3 | F | Team leader (dietitian) | 4 years 5 months | |
| C4 | F | Team member (dietitian) | 9 months | |
| C5 | F | Team leader (dietitian) | 5 years | |
| C6 | F | Team leader (dietitian) | 2 years 10motnhs | |
| C7 | F | Team member (dietitian) | 2 years 1month | |
| C8 | F | Team leader (dietitian) | 10 months | |
| C9 | F | Team leader (dietitian) | 2 years | |
| C10 | F | Team leader (dietitian) | 10 years 9 months | |
| C11 | F | Team leader (dietitian) | 10 years | |
| C12 | F | Team leader (dietitian) | 8 years | |
| C13 | F | Team leader (dietitian) | 8 years | |
| Elderly care facilities | D1 | F | (Medical and welfare institutions for senior citizens) Facility manager | 16 years |
| D2 | F | (Commuting system welfare facility for senior citizens at home) Facility manager | 2 years | |
| D3 | F | (Medical and welfare institutions for senior citizens) Social worker | 1 year 6 months | |
| D4 | M | (Commuting system welfare facility for senior citizens at home) Social worker | 8 years | |
| D5 | F | (Commuting system welfare facility for senior citizens at home) Social worker | 13 years | |
| D6 | F | (Medical and welfare institutions for senior citizens) Facility manager | 1 year 6 months | |
| D7 | F | (Commuting system welfare facility for senior citizens at home) Nursing assistant | 13 years | |
| D8 | F | (Commuting system welfare facility for senior citizens at home) Social worker | 1 year 3 months | |
| D9 | F | (Commuting system welfare facility for senior citizens at home) Care assistant | 4 years 11 months |
| Category | Common needs | Children’s and social welfare meal management support center needs (n = 13) | Elderly care facilities needs (n = 9) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall education | Care settings–focused competency-based education | Blended learning that integrating theoretical instruction and practical application | Standardized lessons using checklist-based teaching guides |
| Case-based learning approaches that reflect real care situations | Use of easy to understand language and teaching methods suited to the cognitive levels of older adults | Practical problem-solving methods based on care field situations | |
| Use of audiovisual materials to support diverse learning styles | Develop short and flexible educational sessions that fit into the facility’s work schedule | ||
| Education needs of facility workers | Use experiential learning approaches that emphasize practical application over passive knowledge acquisition | Enhance practice-based education designed for care facility environments and job-specific skills | Use a variety of teaching methods including visuals, practical application and easy-to-understand language |
| Encourage active participation and support learners’ understanding of contents | Use teaching methods to fit the physical condition and functional ability of older adults | Develop short and flexible educational sessions that fit into the facility’s work schedule | |
| Develop multidimensional education programs (physical, cognitive, and psychosocial needs of older adults) | |||
| Education needs of foodservice workers | Enhance applied competencies in hygiene and individualized nutrition planning | Develop targeted educational materials focused on food safety and cooking practices | Use both print and audiovisual materials to support different learning styles |
| Use structured teaching tools such as checklists to support practical application | Blended learning that integrates lectures, practical application, and varied instructional resources | Develop time-flexible instructional sessions suitable for institutional foodservice operations | |
| Education needs of elderly residents | Develop customized educational programs based on the health conditions of older adults | Develop and apply fine motor programs for older adults with cognitive decline | Enhance daily independence through practical education on everyday activities |
| Enhance the effectiveness of education through collaboration between support centers and care facilities | Use play-based teaching methods to support learning among older adults | Use teaching methods suited to the cognitive and literacy levels of older adults | |
| Enhance learner engagement by integrating educational contents with structured play activities |
F, female; M, male.
